Rezolvarea
exercitiilor de la Unit 10: THE CYCLE OF LIFE din manualul de limba
engleza intitulat UPSTREAM UPPER INTERMEDIATE, Student’s Book, Editura
Express Publishing, Autor Virginia Evans, Editia 2003
UPSTREAM UPPER INTERMEDIATE
UNIT 10
LEAD-IN
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1 / page 175
a).
The title
refers to our life cycle and the pictures relate to different stages in our
lives such as infancy, marriage, graduation, careers and old age.
b).
I can see a
baby being helped by an adult to take his/ her first steps. This picture gives
me a warm feeling inside, as it shows a moment which all parents wait for.
There is a
young woman dressed in a graduation robe and holding her degree certificate up
in the air. This picture makes me feel happy because the young woman must have
worked hard and is undoubtedly feeling very proud.
There is a
young man dressed in a business suit smiling and giving the ‘thumbs up’ sign. I
feel pleased for the man in this picture, as he has probably just got a
promotion or made an important deal.
I can also
see a couple who have just got married. The groom is helping the bride to get
down from a carriage. They are both smiling and look very happy. I feel quite
romantic when I look at this picture, as it shows a couple who are obviously
very much in love.
There is
also an elderly couple on the phone. They are both listening to the person on
the other end of the phone and smiling. I feel a little sad when I see this
picture, because this couple may be missing their children, who have clearly
grown up and left home.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2 / page 175
a).
0-5:
newborn, baby, infant, toddler
5-12: child,
school-age child, youngster
13-19:
adolescent, teenager, juvenile
20+: adult,
grown-up, parent
40+: middle-aged
person
60+:
elderly, senior, pensioner
b).
A: I think
savings are relevant to a person who is over forty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people need to start saving for their retirement.
A: I think
retiring is relevant to a person who is over sixty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people stop working.
A: I think
temper tantrums are relevant to a person who is under five, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when children find it difficult to control their emotions.
A: I think promotion
is relevant to a person who is over twenty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people start developing their career.
A: I think stress
is relevant to a person who is over twenty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people start having a lot of responsibility.
A: I think
learning to talk is relevant to a person who is under five, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when children learn to communicate.
A: I think
learning to drive is relevant to a person who is between 13 and 19, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people can apply for a driving licence.
A: I think a
pension is relevant to a person who is over sixty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people retire from work.
A: I think
homework is relevant to a person who are between 5 and 12 and between 13 and
19, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when children are in full-time education.
A: I think
learning to read is relevant to a person who is under five, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when children prepare to go school.
A: I think
starting a family is relevant to a person who is over twenty, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people usually settle down.
A: I think
university is relevant to a person who is between 13 and 19, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when people think about going into further education.
A: I think
playmates are relevant to a person who is between 5 and 12, don’t you?
B: Yes,
because this is when children start making friends.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3/ page 176
a).
1. Y
2. N
3. Y
4. N
5. N
6. Y
7. Y
b).
healthy
eating
regular
exercise
financial
security
good
relationships with friends, partners and family
pleasant
daily environment
relaxation
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4/ page 176
A: I agree
with the first quotation because I feel that many people nowadays are so
concerned with making money and paying the bills that often they do not pay
attention to the more important parts of our lives such as family, friendships
and living for the moment.
B: Yes, but
I think that the second quotation is also true, as we spend so much time
planning ahead and looking to the future that life passes us by without us even
noticing.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1 / page 176
The pictures
show things which can lengthen or shorten your life.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2/ page 176
a).
A: I think
yoga, exercising, taking vitamins and healthy eating help us to live longer.
B: I agree,
but smoking, eating junk food and taking a lot of pills do not.
b).
sports,
diet, smoking, yoga, walking, fruit and vegetables
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3/ page 176
1. A with
record numbers of fit, healthy people reaching the age of 90 and over (lines
7-8)
2. A this seems
to be a continuing trend (line 5)
3. C travelling
…, learning new skills, taking up different sports, starting businesses (lines
16-18)
4. B intake of
fewer calories allowed mice to live up to 40% longer (lines 26-27)
5. B we can …
do a lot to slow biological ageing (lines 42-43)
6. D Improve
your diet by eating smaller portions, especially at night. (item 13 in the
list)
7. A How well
we age … is up to us. (introductory paragraph) Our opinion of what is old …
tends to change with … higher levels of longevity. (lines 19-22)
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4/ page 177
a).
2. g I am
changing to a healthier lifestyle in order to improve my energy levels. (line
7)
3. a The
graying population is becoming more and more energetic. (line 10)
4. b Life
expectancy in my country is very high due to healthy eating. (lines 2-3)
5. e Eating
junk food speeds up the ageing process. (line 37)
6. c In Japan
7. f Social
circumstances can affect how long we live. (line 25)
b).
1. b
2. a
3. b
4. a
5. b
generation: a period of time –
usually 30 years
doubled: multiplied by two
trend: general development, change
dramatically: very greatly
longevity: long life
calories: units used to measure the
energy value of food
cancer: a disease which affects the
cells in the body
consume: use/eat
centenarians: people who are 100
years old and older
challenge: difficult task
physical: of the body
chronological: of age
biological: organic
posture: standing/ sitting position
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5/ page 177
activity:
5/6/11; attitude: 1/3/4/9; intellect: 7; nutrition: 12/13; sociability: 10
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6/ page 177
A: I don’t
eat enough fresh fruit and vegetables, so I probably don’t get all of the
vitamins I need to be healthy.
B: I’d be
prepared to eat more healthily in order to improve my health. I don’t get much
exercise, as I spend most of the day sitting at a desk. I’d like to find the
time to exercise regularly, but this thing is easier said than done.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7/ page 177
Take up some
form of exercise.
Keep
socially active, especially with younger people.
Always use
sunscreen in hot weather.
Try to keep
as mentally active as you can.
Don’t be
pessimistic.
LANGUAGE
FOCUS
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1 / page 178
a).
1, 8, 5, 2, 4, 3, 7, 6
b).
A: For me, keeping to a healthy weight is most important for a healthy
lifestyle.
B: You’re absolutely right. Maintaining a healthy weight is very
important for your well-being.
c).
I eat plenty of healthy food and I go jogging every morning in order to
keep fit.
Upstream –Upper
Intermediate
ex 2 / page 178
well-balanced
She was
quite well-off, with a good pension and a number of bank accounts.
Lewis is
tall, well-built and very attractive.
We were
amazed at how well-preserved the artifacts in the museum were.
I was impressed
by how well-mannered the children were.
Dave gave up
a well-paid job to study at university.
Jane is
always well-dressed and never looks scruffy.
He is very
well-informed about nutrition and exercise.
She is from
a well-to-do family who have a great deal of property.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3 / page 178
a).
A: I think
orange juice should be part of a student’s diet because it’s a high energy food
and it’s rich in vitamin C.
B: You’re
right. I think students should also eat oily fish as it’s high in calcium.
A: I think
milk should be part of an old person’s diet because it’s a high energy food and
it’s rich in calcium.
B: You’re
right. I think an old person should also eat chicken as it’s rich in protein.
A: I think
fish should be part of the diet of somebody who’s on diet because it’s a high
energy, low fat food.
B: You’re
right. I think a person on a diet should also eat cornflakes as they are high
in carbohydrates and low in fat.
b).
I can’t
stand spicy food.
I often eat
savoury snacks at work.
I always eat
fruit and salads when I’m on diet.
I don’t
really like fizzy drinks.
I only eat
junk food on holiday.
I love
creamy sauces.
I never eat
greasy foods.
I rarely eat
sweets.
c).
I like
eating vegetables. I eat them every day. I like to eat them fried or roasted.
I like
eating steak. I eat it once or twice a month. I like to eat it grilled.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4 / page 179
1. helping (= a
serving; plate = item of crockery we eat a meal off; dish = particular type of
food/ meal, e.g. chicken casserole, beef stew, etc.; course = one part of a
meal)
2. recipe (=
written list of ingredients/ instructions on how to make a dish; instructions =
a list of points on how to do sth; prescription = paper from doctor with
medicine and dosage given to a patient to give to the chemist; receipt = a
piece of paper that shows proof of purchase of sth)
3. frozen (=
hard due to very low temperature; freezing = in the process of becoming frozen;
cold = low temperature; icy = covered with ice)
4. course (= one
part of a meal; starter = the first course of a meal; appetizer = small light
serving of food to increase the appetite; dessert = sweet course served after
the main course of a meal)
5. sparkling
(=carbonated; gassy = full of gas; flat = still/ uncarbonated; bubbly = full of
bubbles)
6. wound (=cut
in the skin; injury = damage to the body; pain = feeling when you are hurt;
ache = dull pain)
7. recover (=to
recuperate; heal = get better; cure = remedy; mend = repair)
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5/ page 179
a).
1. – f comes to life: becomes energetic
2. – a goes bad: goes off
3. – e killing time: doing sth to keep busy while
waiting
4. –b the time of your life: a great time
5. – d couch potato: sb who constantly watches TV
and does not take any exercise
6. – c have a sweet tooth: like eating sweets
b).
couch potato
“A couch
potato – who me?”
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6/ page 179
a).
1. without
2. up
3. on
4. over
5. with
6. off
7. out
8. off
9. with
10.
on
1. do without: manage without
2. take up: start
3. put on: gained (weight)
4. get over: recover from
5. put up with: tolerate
6. giving off: releasing, emitting
7. cut out: remove
8. keep off: stay away from
9. (could) do with: would like
10. live on: by eating one food/
thing
b).
Students’
own answers.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7/ page 179
a).
1. in
2. out
3. under
4. to
5. on
6. to
7. from
8. to
9. with
10.
from, to
1. Mary was in good shape after
going to the gym for six months.
2. These yogurts are out of date!
3. She was very good at keeping calm
under pressure.
4. I am addicted to chocolate.
5. Diane is going on a diet as she
has put on a lot of weight lately.
6. I can’t eat nuts because I am
allergic to them.
7. It will take six weeks for Jane
to recover from her accident.
8. He must keep to a healthy weight
to avoid getting ill again.
9. Sometimes it’s difficult to cope
with the amount of work I have.
10. Sue lets her children eat sweets
from time to time, but not every day.
b).
1. for
2. under
3. with
4. of
5. by
6. for
LISTENING AND
SPEAKING
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1 / page 180
a).
1. A: The
Internet has changed our lives by making a huge amount of information available
to many people.
B: I agree.
Before the Internet, people had to waste a lot of time and energy looking
through encyclopaedias and other reference books to find things out.
C: Also, the
Internet has brought us email which is much faster and more efficient than
sending letters.
A: Cheap air
travel has allowed more people to travel abroad more often.
B: Yes, air
travel used to be a luxury for the rich. Now it is available to anyone.
2. ATMs, surveillance
cameras, medical breakthroughs, e.g. laser surgery
3. A
Communications – We will all have wrist phones.
B The Economy – There will be a single
world currency. There will be no paper money or coins, only plastic money.
C Travel – There will be passenger flights
to the moon.
D Health – Cures for all diseases will be
found.
E Entertainment – We will have digital
cinema at home.
F Shopping – All goods will be delivered to
our door instantly.
b).
1. D (genetic
code in medical records, specialized treatments based on each patient’s genetic
code, breakthroughs in the treatment of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s,
self-diagnosis using smart computers)
2. F (no poor
quality products, more affordable prices, home delivery)
3. E (computer
generated TV personalities, virtual pop stars)
4. C (faster
trains and planes)
5. A (constant
Internet access through wireless and broadband connections, tiny
voice-activated mobile phones fitting inside our ears)
c).
I think
that, in the future, our genetic code will certainly be included in our medical
records. I also think that it is possible that all groceries and other products
will be delivered to the home. I am not sure if computer generated
personalities will replace celebrities, as we would miss reading celebrity
gossip and interviews. I think that rail travel and air travel will become
faster, and I think it is also very likely that one day, we will be online all
the time, through mobile phones and other small gadgets.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2 / page 180
a).
1. Some people think a gym is the place to show
off your muscles./ Aerobics is a popular form of exercise./ You should check
out the facilities before you join./ Many gyms also offer yoga classes./ Do not
leave your valuables in the lockers./ Many people join a gym in order to lode
weight./ Take a friend for moral support and encouragement./ When you calculate
the monthly cost, it can be expensive./ There are often personal trainers
available./ Before you sign in a contract, make sure there are no hidden
extras./ Life membership is not always economical.
2. 2 What happens if you choose the wrong one?
4. What
other costs are involved?
5. Should we
sign a contract?
7. Why is it
worth doing some research before joining a gym?
b).
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. C
c).
I am a
member of a gym which I visit once or twice a week. I like going to the
aerobics classes there the most, because they are good fun and help me to keep
fit. I least like having to change in the changing rooms, as they are very hot
and stuffy.
Upstream –Upper
Intermediate
ex 3 / page 181
See Tapescript for exercise 5 p.181
in the students’ book.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4 / page 181
See Tapescript for exercise 5 p.181
in the students’ book.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5 / page 181
8. Students’
own answers.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6 / page 181
What you
really need to do is…
Speaker A
rejects the advice.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7 / page
181
A: Mary, I
was wondering if you could help me out? I’ve been feeling really stiff after
work lately.
B: Have you
thought of joining a gym? That way you can unwind through exercise.
A: I think
I’ll take your advice. Thanks.
A: Leo, I
was wondering if you could help me out? I don’t know what to do about my noisy
neighbours.
B: Have you tried
talking to them about it?
A: That’s
all very well for you to say, but they are very rude.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 8 / page
181
2. A: I’ve
booked on a cruise.
B: This is the life!
3. A: I was
sorry to hear the bad news.
B: Life goes on.
4. A: I
can’t manage on my income.
B: Life is hard.
5. A: Can I
borrow your new car?
B: Not on your life!
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1/ page 182
1. When one
parent is away from home, children miss their love and protection. If the
father is away, the mother has to perform all the duties that he would have
done such as disciplining the children and bringing in a wage. If the father is
a soldier in the war, the family is also worried about his safety.
2. Life for
young girls in the 19th century was probably harder than today. They
would have been expected to help their mothers with the housework and to look
after the younger children. They probably spent their free time in ladylike
activities such as reading and needlework. In the past many young girls were
educated at home and were not allowed to socialize very much, especially not
with boys or with people from a different class.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2 / page 182
a).
A: The
experiment could be that the mother punished them by giving them different
household tasks to do.
B: Yes, or
she may have left them alone for a week to see how they managed by themselves.
A: I think
you may be right.
b).
1. G
2. B
3. A
4. H
5. D
6. C
7. E
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3/ page 182
1. G The
suggestion ‘suppose you learn cooking’ is followed by the explanation ‘That’s a
useful skill’, and ‘cooking’ links with ‘dinner party’
2. B ‘She had
had suspicions’ refers back to Meg’s question to her mother in the previous
sentence.
3. A The past
tense ‘thought’ and the use of first person ‘I’ fits in with the rest of that
paragraph where the mother explains why she went away, and a contrast is made
between ‘everyone thinks only of herself’ and ‘more pleasant to help one
another’ in the next sentence.
4. H ‘It’ in
the next sentence refers to ‘work’, and sentence H mentions the advantages of
work.
5. D ‘sewing’
refers back to ‘make a set of shirts’, and ‘I can and I will’ refers back to
Meg’s resolution.
6. C The idea
of ‘do my lessons’ and ‘not … music and dolls’ is continued in ‘studying not
playing’ after the gap.
7. E The
mother’s advice ‘Don’t … work like slaves’ is continued in ‘Have regular hours
for work and play’ in the next sentence.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4/ page 183
a).
duties:
responsibilities
inaudibly:
silently
recollection:
memory
amiable:
good-natured
burdens:
tasks
fussing:
complaining
employing:
using
b).
… as flowers
turn toward the sun … (lines 4-5)
We’ll work
like bees … (line 37)
… work like
slaves. (sentence E)
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5/ page 183
· I don’t
either.
· make free
time more enjoyable
· become
easier – cope with them
· just wait
and see
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6/ page 183
a).
It is partly
based on the author’s own life. We can assume that she shared some of the
experiences of her characters and that the circumstances of the March girls
were similar to her own.
b).
Meg – kind –
she offers to make shirts for her father
Jo –
dynamic, passionate, charming – she is brave and tries new things, she speaks
passionately and she has a personality which pleases others
Mother –
clever, kind – she knows how to teach the girls important lessons without being
bad-tempered with them
Beth –
gentle, kind – she wants to please her mother
Amy –
gentle, kind – she wants to please her mother
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7/ page 183
a).
The style of
writing is semi-formal and uses language that is appropriate for the times.
People talk differently today.
Extract: “I
intend to do it right now”
Modern
version: “I’m going to do it straight away.”
Extract:
“Suppose you learn plain cooking?”
Modern
version: “Why don’t you learn to cook simple meals?”
Extract:
“the comfort of all depends on each doing her share faithfully”
Modern
version: “We will all be more comfortable if we each do our jobs properly.”
Extract:
“We’ll work like bees, and love it too, see if we don’t.”
Modern
version: “We’ll work really hard and it’ll be fun – just wait and see!”
b).
I would
recommend this novel as a fascinating story with interesting characters that
shows the reader what life was like growing up in a small town in America
c).
A lesson learnt.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 8/ page
183
a).
Students’
own answers.
b).
Actresses:
Mother –
Susan Sarandon
Meg – Trini
Alvarado
Jo – Winona
Ryder
Beth –
Claire Danes
Amy –
Kirsten Dunst
Setting
A large
house decorated in the style of the 1800s.
I would keep
close to the novel, as I wouldn’t want people who loved the novel to be annoyed
by the film – I would want to make the film as similar to the novel as
possible.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 9/ page
183
The life of
the average girl today is very different to the lives of the girls described in
the text. For example, girls these days go to school and so are not in the
house all day. Girls and boys have to help around the house as, in most
families; both parents go out to work and do not have much time to do household
chores. Girls also leave home earlier these days, as they often go to the
university or get jobs when they finish school, whereas the girls in the story
will probably stay at home with their parents until they get married.
ENGLISH IN
USE
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1 / page
184
1. D The
restaurant where we had dinner served excellent food.
2. N Lynne, who
lives next door, is an actress.
3. D That’s the
man whose car was stolen last week.
4. N Amanda,
who I knew at university, was on television the other day.
5. N The
History Museum, which opened in 1973, recently closed.
6. N Paris,
where you can see the Eiffel Tower , is the capital of France
7. N This book,
which I borrowed from the library last week, is very interesting.
8. N I usually
go on holiday in August, when the weather is nice and hot.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2/ page 184
a).
1. Lucy went
to the bank in order to take out some money.
2. He was
very quiet to avoid waking up the baby.
3. Let’s
take a packed lunch with us in case we get hungry.
4. We took a
taxi so as not to be late.
5. Rachel
has hired more staff so that she can expand her business.
6. You
should wear sunscreen in summer to prevent getting sunburnt.
b).
1. He’s taking
sunscreen to avoid getting sunburnt.
2. He is taking
a camera in order to take some photos.
3. He is taking
a straw hat so that he will not get heat stroke.
4. He is taking
a money belt so that he will be able to carry his money with him.
5. He is taking
a cooler in order to have cold drinks at the beach.
6. He is taking
a lantern in case there is a power cut.
7. He is taking
flippers so that he can go snorkeling.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3/ page 184
1. Despite
being almost ninety, he was still extremely fit. / Even though he was almost
ninety, he was still extremely fit. / He was almost ninety. However, he was
still extremely fit.
2. The elderly
tourists were not at all tired even though the coach journey was long./
Although the coach journey was long, the elderly tourists were not at all
tired./ The coach journey was long. However, the elderly tourists were not at
all tired.
3. Despite her
long stay in hospital, she eventually recovered./ Although she spent a long
time in hospital, she eventually recovered. / Even though she spent a long time
in hospital, she eventually recovered.
4. Even tough
they were homeless, they refused to accept financial aid./ Despite being
homeless, they refused to accept financial aid./ They were homeless. However,
they refused to accept financial aid./ although they were homeless, they
refused to accept financial aid.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4/ page 184
2. A: You
should eat fresh vegetables in order to increase your vitamin intake.
B: I know … but, although I love salads,
they are difficult to find when I am not at home.
3. A: You
should be more active in order to stay fit and healthy.
B: I know … but, although I want to take
exercise, it is not easy because I work till late.
4. A: You
should reduce your stress levels so that you become more relaxed.
B: I know … but, although I try to keep
calm, I face a lot of pressure every day.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5/ page 184
1. aren’t you?
2. doesn’t she?
3. will you?
4. shall we?
5. am I?
6. isn’t it?
7. aren’t they?
8. does he?
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6/ page 184
1. … have not
seen Steve for … (present perfect + for)
2. … is the
same age as … (the same + noun + as)
3. … I were
you, I would … (type 2 conditional)
4. … is unusual
for Ann to … (adj + sb + to – inf)
5. … wish I had
remembered … (wish + past perfect)
6. … the
exception of Mary … (with the exception of)
7. … would
rather visit Poland
8. … does this
car belong to … (sth belongs to sb)
9. … no point
in asking for … (no point in + -ing)
10.
… it is difficult for me … (be + adj + for sb + to)
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7/ page 185
verb
|
noun
|
adjective
|
adverb
|
admit
|
admission
|
admissible
|
admitelly
|
apply
|
application, applicant
|
applicable
|
-
|
collect
|
collection, collector
|
collective
|
collectively
|
create
|
creator, creation
|
creative
|
creatively
|
employ
|
employment, employer, employee
|
employable
|
-
|
promote
|
promotion, promoter
|
promotional
|
-
|
repeat
|
repetition
|
repetitive
|
repetitively
|
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 8/ page 185
1. down
2. such
3. of
4. like
5. their
6. from
7. Take
8. their
9. on
10. for
11.as
12. all
13. which/that
14. Is
15. or
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 9/ page 185
1. Hurried
2. noticeable
3. depression
4. relationship
5. intake
6. dramatically
7. transferring
8. miraculous
9. unfortunately
10.
rapidly
WRITING
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 1/ page 186
Key words to be underlined: letter
received from a pen friend; family and I visit your country for a holiday; tell
me a good place to visit; when is the best time to go; advice about sights;
write letter; giving information and advice
1. a letter
2. I am a young
person who has a pen friend from another country. I am writing to my pen
friend.
3. informal –
because it’s to a friend
4. information
about a good place to visit, about the best time to go and advice about sights
to see.
5. Each subject
will be in a separate paragraph.
6. Thanks for
your last letter and all your news. How nice that you’re planning a trip to Mexico
7. I’m sure
you’re going to love Mexico
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 2 / page 186
1. yes
2. informal
3. decided to
visit your country – going to visit Turkey
tell me a
good place to visit – recommend my favourite place/ lovely/ popular/ beautiful
etc.
the best
time to go – the best time to visit
sights we
should see – places of interest that you can visit
4. Topic
sentences:
Thanks for
your letter.
If you want
an enjoyable holiday on the beach, I would recommend my favourite place,
Bodrum.
The best
time to visit is in spring or autumn.
There are many
places of interest that you can visit.
Alternatives:
It was great
to hear from you.
In my
opinion, Bodrum is the best place for a beach holiday.
If I were
you, I’d visit in the spring or the autumn.
There are
lots of interesting places to go.
5. Hi – how are
you? It was great to hear from you and I am thrilled that you are coming to my
country for a holiday this summer.
6. I hope I
have given you all the information you need. Have a great time!
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 3 / page 186
Key words to be underlined:
advertisement; local newspaper; summer jobs for students; speak any foreign
languages; know the local area well; like meeting people; information officers;
letter of application; why you are interested; when you will be available.
1. formal style
– because I am writing to a person in authority
2. c
3. a, b, c, f,
g, h
4. Para 1 – reason for writing, where I saw the
advertisement
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 4/ page 187
1. Model A does
not include reason for applying for the job or when the writer will be
available.
Model B
covers all the points.
2. Model A –
informal; Model B - formal
3. Model B because
it has a polite tone and an appropriate style. It covers all the points
mentioned in the advertisement.
4. absence of
contracted forms – I am writing to apply for
use of
passive voice – which was advertised
use of
abstract nouns – would like the opportunity
use of
advanced vocabulary – I would appreciate the valuable experience
use of
formal linking words and phrases – since, which was
avoidance of
phrasal verbs and colloquialisms – This experience helped me to gain
5. short forms
– I’ve, I’m
colloquialisms/
idioms – this will come in handy, to get by, anyway, By the way, the same sort
of thing, paid peanuts, let me know, OK
irrelevant
information – I’ve been to Spain
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 5 / page 187
a).
Key words to be underlined: you
organise social events at your college; Read the note from a student; college
rules; write a letter to the Head of the college asking permission to have a
party; giving information; how it will be organised
b).
1. a letter
requesting permission
2. not very
well
3. Dear Mr Cox
4. formal style
5. to ask
permission and to give information
6. date, time,
place and reason for party,
who is
organizing the food and drink and decorations,
assurance
that the hall will be cleaned after the party and that there will be no noise
after midnight
7. 4
8. Yours
sincerely,
and my full
name
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 6/ page 188
1. Model A
formal style – yes, it is appropriate
Model B
informal style – not appropriate for a letter to a person in authority
2. Model A – We
would be grateful if you would allow us to hold the party …
Model B –
Please can we have a party?
3. Model A – in
accordance with the college rules
Model B –
like it says in the college rules
4. Model A –
yes
Model B –
no, because it is written in the wrong style and register and so Mr Cox may be
annoyed or insulted
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 7/ page 188
Key words to be underlined: class
project on technology; teacher; composition; Computers have changed our lives
for the better; agree or disagree; explaining your reasons
1. a
for-and-against composition
2. semi-formal
– because it is an essay for my teacher
3. I agree
4. a false b true
c true d true
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 8/ page 188
a).
The model
has some faults.
The style is
mostly appropriate, but in places is too informal – e.g. ‘I think this is a
good thing’, ‘move with the times’, ‘So, we might as well accept it!’
The
paragraphing is good, but there are some errors – e.g. ‘because, our lives’
Spelling is
good but there is an error – ‘simplier’.
Content is
mostly relevant but there is some irrelevant information – e.g. ‘We have a
number of computers in our school …’. The opposing viewpoint is not fully
presented. Also phrasing from the rubric has not been paraphrased – ‘our lives
have changed for the better.’
b).
though –
however
because – as
first of all
– to start with
to – in
order to
what is more
– furthermore
however – on
the other hand
all in all –
to sum up
so -
therefore
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 9/ page 189
a).
Key words to be underlined: you work
for a local tourist office; your manager; brochure about eating out in your
town; write a report; suggesting restaurants; describe three places; explain
why; suitable for foreign visitors
1. a report
making suggestions – to help my manager decide
2. the manager
of the tourist office
3. formal
4. introduction
– to introduce the topic
the names of
three restaurants – as stated in the rubric
conclusion –
to justify my recommendations
b).
1. To: Mr James Scott
(Manager) – A letter begins with a greeting, such as Dear Mr Scott
2. The Leaping Fish – ideal
for families, homecooked food, traditional local dishes
Yoko’s Sushi Bar –
lively atmosphere, good food, offers sometimes unusual
3. The report ends with a
conclusion which justifies the choices made.
4. Traditional Food, A
Modern Restaurant, International Dishes
5. Introduction – The
purpose of this report is to make suggestions for restaurants in Newtown
Conclusion – I am
confident that the places mentioned will appeal to any foreign visitor to Newtown
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 10/ page
189
a).
Key words to be underlined: short
story competition; story must begin; Even though we had a map, we were
completely lost
1. the
competition judges
2. semi-formal
– because it is an appropriate for a story
3. mainly past
tenses (past simple, past continuous, past perfect)
4. being lost
in a forest or in the mountains
5. b, d, e, f,
g
6. first person
– it could involve myself and one or more friends or family members
b).
Model B is not suitable.
It does not follow the instructions in the rubric. It ends with the given
sentence instead of beginning with it.
It doesn’t use tenses correctly e.g. ‘We soon get tired’, ‘we had sat
down’, ‘we hear’, ‘we didn’t know which way is home’
It has incorrect punctuation e.g. no speech marks uses with the direct
speech.
It uses inappropriate vocabulary e.g. ‘requested’, should be ‘replied’,
‘all’ should be ‘everything’.
It does not have an interesting plot.
It does not use a variety of adjectives, only simple ones e.g. nice, hot,
big.
The sentences are very short and simple, and there is a lack of linking
words.
c).
1. Information to be underlined: My friend Jane and I … The thick
undergrowth of the forest … It would be dark soon
2. simple past; participles; future in the past; past perfect; past
continuous
3. desperately; worried; full of happiness and excitement; feet were
sore; backs were aching; terribly hungry; beginning to panic
4. Words to be circled: stumbled; thick; desperately; wonderful; sore;
aching; wailed; faint; hurried; cleaner – These descriptive adjectives/
adverbs/ verbs make the story more interesting and help to create suspense.
Upstream
–Upper Intermediate
ex 11/ page 190
A).
Key words to be underlined:
advertisement; what is your favourite type of music; why do you like it; short
articles; magazine
1. a short
article
2. to write
about my favourite type of music
3. the editor
and readers of the magazine
4. semi-formal
style
5. 1 My
favourite type of music. 2 Why I like it
6. Para 1 – introduction – My favourite type of music
7. Your
favourite type of music – The music I find the most enjoyable is …
8. Beginning:
There are
and always have been as many different types of music as there are shades of
colours in the rainbow.
However, the
music I find most enjoyable is classical music.
Ending:
Overall, I
believe that there is a piece of classical music to appeal to everyone. It is
timeless and can truly calm the savage beast.
B).
Key words to be underlined: college
magazine; suggest helpful tips for revising for exams; article; giving your
suggestions
1. an article
2. to suggest
helpful tips for revising for exams
3. the readers
of the college magazine
4. semi-formal
5. 3 or 4
suggestions
6. Para 1 – introduction
7. helpful tips
– useful hints
8. Beginning:
We all know
that revision is very stressful and time-consuming. However, there are a number
of useful hints that you can bear in mind to make the task a lot easier.
Ending:
All in all,
if you bear these points in mind, you should be able to learn and retain all
the information you need to help you pass your exams. Good luck!
C).
Key words to be underlined: teacher;
composition; Everybody can do something to help reduce pollution; agree or
disagree; explaining your reasons
1. a
composition
2. to give my
opinion on the given statement
3. my teacher
4. semi-formal
5. 2 or 3
points agreeing/ disagreeing as well as the opposing view
6. Para 1 – introduction
Para 2-3 –
points agreeing/ disagreeing
7. Everybody
can do something to help reduce pollution. – We can all do our part to help in
the battle against pollution.
8. Beginning:
Our planet
is facing a crisis. The land, water and air is so polluted that if something is
not done soon, the earth will no longer be a nice place to live. We can do our
bit to help in the battle against pollution.
Ending:
In
conclusion, if we all do something now, we can make a difference. After all, as
the saying goes, ‘many hands make light work’.
D).
Key words to be underlined: your
friend; party; another friend; ill; a letter to your friend; describing the
party; include details about the food; the guests and the music
1. a letter
2. to tell my
friend about the party
3. a friend of
mine
4. informal
style
5. 1 the food 2
the guests 3 the music
6. Para 1 – opening remarks
7. birthday
party – party to celebrate his/ her birthday, ill – not well, last weekend –
last Saturday
8. Beginning:
Dear Sam,
I hope
you’re feeling better. It was such a shame that you weren’t well and missed
Paul’s party. I thought I’d write and tell you all about it.
Ending:
Well, that’s
all for now. Let’s get together soon.
Love,
Anne
E).
Key words to be underlined: friend’s
parents; planning to visit your city/ town; your friend, Paula; suggest a good
hotel; her parents can stay; using your notes; why you recommend the Ambassador
Hotel; warn her about the bad points;
1. a letter
2. to recommend
a hotel to your friend’s parents
3. my friend
4. informal
5. good points
(hotel, location, rooms, facilities), possible bad points (hotel, location,
rooms, facilities), my recommendation
6. Para 1 – opening remarks, reason for writing
7. planning to
visit – thinking about coming, suggest a good hotel – one great hotel comes to
mind, possible bad points – potential drawbacks
8. Beginning:
Dear Paula,
Thanks for
your letter. It was great to hear all your news. I’m so glad your parents are
planning to visit Clacton this summer.
Ending:
I hope your
parents have a great holiday. If you want to know anything else, just drop me a
line.
Best wishes,
Sarah
A.
There are
and always have been as many different types of music as there are shades of
colours in the rainbow. However, the music I find most enjoyable is classical
music.
Classical
music never goes out of fashion. It is always popular, and makes people from
every generation experience a wonderful range of feelings and emotions.
Furthermore,
classical music has a history and it is fascinating to learn about the
composers who created these pieces of music. By listening to and reading about
classical music we can learn about the lives and times of the great composers.
Finally, classical
music is great in every situation. For a romantic evening, Chopin is deal. When
I want to relax, I listen to Mozart, and for a strong, heavy atmosphere, I
choose Wagner.
Overall, I
believe that there is a piece of classical music to appeal to everyone. It is
timeless and can truly calm the savage beast.
B.
How to
Revise Effectively!
We all know
that revision is very stressful and time-consuming. However, there are a number
of useful hints that you can bear in mind to make the task a lot easier.
First of
all, make a revision timetable. List all the subjects that you have to revise
and plan when you will study each topic. In this way, you will not forget to
revise anything and you will not panic.
Secondly,
take the regular breaks. You may feel that you should study for as long as
possible, but in actual fact, this is not the way to get the best results. You
will take in far more information if you take a break every twenty minutes.
Finally, eat
healthily, get plenty of sleep, but have fun, too! Your body and mind cannot
function if you are stressed, so remember to get all the nutrients and all the
sleep you need, as well as enjoying a few laughs. It’s very good for you!
All in all,
if you bear these points in mind, you should be able to learn and retain all
the information you need to help you pass your exams. Good luck!
C.
Our planet
is facing a crisis. The land, water and air is so polluted that if something is
not done soon, the earth will no longer be a nice place to live. We can do our
bit to help in the battle against pollution.
First of
all, we should all leave our cars at home and use public transport or bicycles
to get around. Cars emit poisonous gases and cause air pollution. This results
in acid rain which destroys buildings and poisons rivers and lakes.
Another way
we can all help is to recycle our waste. This will save on natural resources
and will mean that these will be less rubbish to be disposed of and our planet
will be a cleaner place to live.
Finally, we
should save energy by using less water, gas and electricity. In this way, we
use less fossil fuels, and so cause less pollution and save our planet’s resources.
In
conclusion, if we all do something now, we can make a difference. After all, as
the saying goes, ‘many hands make light work’.
D.
Dear Sam,
I hope
you’re feeling better. It was such a shame that you weren’t well and missed
Paul’s party. I thought I’d write and tell you all about it.
We all met
at Paul’s house at about seven o’clock. The place looked great – Paul had
decorated it with balloons and streamers and there were coloured lights
everywhere. He’d also hired a DJ, so there was fantastic music playing. The
atmosphere was brilliant.
Everyone was
there (except you, of course) – all Paul’s friends from college and a few of
his neighbours, plus his brother and his cousins. The house was full of people.
We danced for hours, only stopping to try some of the delicious food that
Pail’s mum had made. There were sandwiches, pies, biscuits and a huge cake with
coloured icing.
It’s such a
pity that you couldn’t make it, but don’t worry – Paul says he’s going to have
another party soon! Well, that’s all for now. Let’s get together soon.
Love,
Anne
E.
Dear Paula,
Thanks for
your letter. It was great to hear all your news. I’m so glad your parents are
planning to visit Clacton this summer.
If they want
a good hotel to stay at, I’d recommend the Ambassador Hotel. It’s a lovely
modern hotel in the centre of town and it’s near the train station. It’s
comfortable and clean and rates are very reasonable. There’s a restaurant and a
bar and lounge where they can relax in the evenings.
I should
warn you, though, that they’ll have to check out early on the day they leave,
as the hotel expects guests to vacate their rooms by 8 a.m. Also, being so near
the station may mean that it’s quite noisy. While the rooms are lovely, they
don’t have much of a view and there’s no pool at the hotel.
I hope your
parents have a great holiday. If you want to know anything else, just drop me a
line.
Best wishes,
Sarah
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